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About Peru
The Republic of Peru covers 1,285,220 km² (496,193 sq mi), making it approximately two-thirds the size of Mexico. It neighbors Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the southeast, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
The Andes mountains run parallel to the Pacific Ocean, dividing the country into three geographic regions.
- The costa (coast), to the west, is a narrow plain, largely arid except for valleys created by seasonal rivers.
- The sierra (highlands) is the region of the Andes; it includes the Altiplano plateau as well as the highest peak of the country, the 6,768 m (22,205 ft) Huascarí¡n.
- The third region is the selva (jungle), a wide expanse of flat terrain covered by the Amazon rainforest that extends east. Almost 60% of the country's area is located within this region.
Climate
The climate of Peru is very diverse. The north-south extension of the country and the presence of the Andes mountains together produce a large variety of climates and microclimates. In general, the climate on the coast is subtropical and the region receives very little rainfall. The Andes mountains observe a cool climate with rainy summers and very dry winters. The eastern lowlands are warm and rainy with a short dry season from June through August.
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